# LV2 Atom Extension
# Copyright (C) 2007-2010 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
# 
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
# copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
# to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
# the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
# and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
# Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# 
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# 
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
# THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
# OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
# ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

@prefix atom: <http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/atom#> .
@prefix doap: <http://usefulinc.com/ns/doap#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix lv2:  <http://lv2plug.in/ns/lv2core#> .
@prefix rdf:  <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:  <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema> .

<http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/atom>
	a lv2:Specification ;
	doap:name "LV2 Atom" ;
	doap:maintainer [
		a foaf:Person ;
		foaf:name	 "David Robillard" ;
		foaf:homepage <http://drobilla.net/> ;
		rdfs:seeAlso  <http://drobilla.net/drobilla.rdf>
	] ;
	rdfs:comment """
This extension defines a generic format for a typed piece of data, called an
"<a href="#Atom">Atom</a>" (e.g. integers, strings, buffers, data structures,
etc).  Atoms allow LV2 plugins and hosts to communicate, process, serialise,
and store values of any type via a generic mechanism (e.g. LV2 ports, events,
disk, shared memory, network).  Atoms are, with one exception, Plain
Old Data (POD) and may be safely copied (e.g. with a simple call to
<code>memcpy</code>).

Since Atom communication can be implemented generically, plugins that
understand some type can be used together in a host that does not understand
that type, and plugins (e.g. routers, delays) can process atoms of unknown
type.

An Atom can be trivially constructed in-place from an
<a href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/event#Event">Event</a> as defined by the
<a href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/event">LV2 Event</a> extension.  In other
words, an Event is simply an Atom with a time stamp header.  Atoms SHOULD
be used anywhere a "value" needs to be stored or communicated, to allow
implementations to be polymorphic and extensible.

Atoms (the start of the LV2_Atom header) MUST be 32-bit aligned.

Optionally, the host MAY implement <a href="#blobSupport">blob support</a>.
A <a href="#Blob">Blob</a> is a dynamically allocated chunk of memory
that (unlike an Atom) is not necessarily POD.  Blobs are accessed via a
<a href="#Reference">Reference</a>, which is a special case of Atom that
always has <code>type = 0</code>, is not POD, and can only be copied using
host provided functions.  This allows plugins and hosts to work with data
of any type at all.

Atoms can be communicated in many ways.  Since an Atom is the payload of an
Event, an <a href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/event#EventPort">EventPort</a>
can be used for communicating Atoms in realtime with sub-sample time stamp
accuracy.  This extension also defines two port types for connecting directly
to a single Atom: <a href="ValuePort">ValuePort</a> and <a href="#MessagePort"
>MessagePort</a>, which both have the same buffer format but different
semantics (with respect to how the run() callback interprets the Atom).

This extension requires the host to support the <a
href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/uri-map">LV2 URI Map</a> extension.
""" .


atom:Atom a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:label   "Atom" ;
	rdfs:comment """
Abstract base class for all atoms.  An <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom"
>LV2_Atom</a> has a 16-bit <code>type</code> and <code>size</code> followed by
a <code>body</code>.
 
All concrete Atom types (subclasses of this class) MUST define a precise
binary layout for <code>body</code>.

The <code>type</code> field is the URI of a subclass of Atom mapped to an
integer using the <a href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/uri-map">URI Map</a>
extension's <a href="urn:struct:LV2_URI_Map_Feature"
>LV2_URI_Map_Feature</a>::uri_to_id with
<code>map = "http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/event"</code>.  If a plugin or host
does not understand <code>type</code>, that atom SHOULD be gracefully ignored
(though it MAY be copied if it is not a <a href="#Reference">Reference</a>).

All atoms are POD by definition except references, which have
<code>type = 0</code>.  An Atom MUST NOT contain a Reference.  It is safe
to copy any non-reference Atom with a simple <code>memcpy</code>, even if
the implementation does not understand <code>type</code>.
""" .


atom:Reference a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label      "Reference" ;
	rdfs:comment """
Reference to a <a href="#Blob">Blob</a>.  The actual contents of a Reference
are opaque and host specific, and must not be copied, serialized, or otherwise
interpreted by a plugin, except via functions provided by the host in
<a href="urn:struct:LV2_Blob_Support">LV2_Blob_Support</a>.

A Reference is a special case of Atom with <code>type = 0</code>.
"Null" is the unique Atom with <code>type = 0</code> and <code>size = 0</code>.
""" .


atom:String a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label      "String" ;
	rdfs:comment """
A UTF-8 encoded string, with an optional language tag.  An
<a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom_String">LV2_Atom_String</a> has an <a href="#ID">ID</a>
<code>lang</code> followed by the string data in UTF-8 encoding.  The length of the
string data in bytes is <code>size - sizeof(uint32_t)</code>, including the
terminating NULL character.  The <code>lang</code> may be any URI; to
describe a human language, use http://lexvo.org/id/term/LANG where LANG is
an <a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/">ISO 693-2</a> or
<a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/">ISO 693-3</a> language code.

For example, "Hello" in English:
<pre>
struct LV2_Atom {
    uint16_t type = uri_to_id(atom:String);
    uint16_t size = 10;
}
uint32_t lang  = uri_to_id("http://lexvo.org/id/term/en");
char     str[] = "Hello";
</pre>
and French:
<pre>
struct LV2_Atom {
    uint16_t type = uri_to_id(atom:String);
    uint16_t size = 12;
}
uint32_t lang  = uri_to_id("http://lexvo.org/id/term/fr");
char     str[] = "Bonjour";
</pre>
or a Turtle string:
<pre>
struct LV2_Atom {
    uint16_t type = uri_to_id(atom:String);
    uint16_t size = 60;
}
uint32_t lang  = uri_to_id("http://www.w3.org/2008/turtle#turtle");
char     str[] = "&lt;http://example.org/foo&gt; a &lt;http://example.org/Thing&gt; ."
</pre>
""" .


atom:ID a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label      "Integer ID mapped from a URI" ;
	rdfs:comment """
An unsigned 32-bit integer mapped from a URI using the
<a href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/uri-map">URI Map</a> extension's
<a href="urn:struct:LV2_URI_Map_Feature">LV2_URI_Map_Feature</a>::uri_to_id
with <code>map = NULL</code>.
""" .


atom:Vector a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label      "Vector" ;
	rdfs:comment """
A homogeneous sequence of atoms with equivalent type and size.

An <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom_Vector">LV2_Atom_Vector</a> is a
16-bit <code>elem_count</code> and <code>elem_type</code> followed
by <code>elem_count</code> atom bodies of type <code>elem_type</code>.
The element type must be a fixed size <a href="#Atom">Atom</a> type, i.e. the
size of each element is the vector's <code>size / elem_count</code>.

For example, an atom:Vector containing 42 elements of type atom:Float looks
like this in memory:
<pre>
struct LV2_Atom {
    uint16_t type = uri_to_id(atom:Vector);
    uint16_t size = sizeof(LV2_Atom) + sizeof(LV2_Atom_Vector) + (42 * sizeof(float);
}
struct LV2_Vector {
    uint16_t elem_count = 42;
    uint16_t elem_type  = uri_to_id(atom:Float);
}
float elem_00;
float elem_01;
...
float elem_41;
</pre>

Note that it is possible to construct a valid Atom for each element
of the vector, even by an implementation which does not understand
<code>elem_type</code>.

A Vector header is 64-bits, thus the first element of a Vector is 64-bit
aligned if the Vector itself is 64-bit aligned.
""" .


atom:Tuple a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Tuple" ;
	rdfs:comment """
A sequence of <a href="#Atom">atoms</a> with varying <code>type</code>
and <code>size</code>.

The body of a Tuple is simply a sequence of complete atoms, each aligned to
32 bits.
""" .


atom:Property a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Property of an Object" ;
	rdfs:comment """
A single property of some <a href="#Object">Object</a>.  An
<a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom_Property">LV2_Atom_Property</a>
has an <a href="#ID">ID</a> <code>key</code> and
<a href="#Atom">Atom</a> <code>value</code>.
""" .


atom:Object a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Object" ;
	rdfs:comment """
Abstract base class for an "Object", i.e. an <a href="#Atom">Atom</a>
with a number of <a href="#Property">properties</a>.  An <a
href="urn:struct:LV2_Object">LV2_Object</a> is an unsigned 32-bit
integer <code>context</code> and <code>id</code> followed by a sequence of
<a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom_Property" >properties</a>.

The <code>context</code> is mapped using the <a
href="http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/uri-map">URI Map</a> extension's <a
href="urn:struct:LV2_URI_Map_Feature">LV2_URI_Map_Feature</a>::uri_to_id
with <code>map = NULL</code>, and may be 0 (the default context).

Note this is an abstract class, i.e. no Atom can exist with
<code>type = uri_to_id(atom:Object)</code>.  An Object is
either a <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Resource">Resource</a> or a <a
href="urn:struct:Blank">Blank</a>, but the <code>body</code> always has the
same binary format.  Thus, both named and anonymous objects can be handled
with common code using only a 64-bit header for both.
""" .


atom:Resource a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Object ;
	rdfs:comment """
An <a href="#Object">Object</a> where <code>id</code> is the
URI of the resource mapped to an <a href="#ID">ID</a>.
""" .


atom:Blank a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Object ;
	rdfs:comment """
An <a href="#Object">Object</a> where <code>id</code> is the blank node ID of
the object, which is only meaningful within a certain limited scope
(e.g. the container of the Blank) and MUST NOT be used as a global ID.
In particular, <code>id</code> is NOT an <a href="ID">ID</a>.
""" .


atom:Model a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Model" ;
	rdfs:comment """
A description of a set of <a href="#Object">objects</a>.  In memory, a Model is
simply a sequence of objects.
""" .

atom:Bang a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Bang (activity) (<code>size = 0</code>)" .

atom:Byte
	a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Byte (<code>size = 1</code>)" .

atom:Int32 a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Signed 32-bit integer" .
	
atom:Int64 a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Signed 64-bit integer" .
	
atom:Bool a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "Signed 32-bit integer where 0 is false" .
	
atom:Float a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "32-bit IEEE-754 floating point number" .
	
atom:Double a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label "64-bit IEEE-754 floating point number" .
	
atom:blobSupport a lv2:Feature ;
	rdfs:label "Blob support" ;
	rdfs:comment """
Support for dynamically allocated blobs.  If a host supports this feature, it
MUST pass a <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Feature">LV2_Feature</a> with
<code>URI</code> http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/atom#blobSupport
and <code>data</code> pointing to a <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Blob_Support"
>LV2_Blob_Support</a>.
""" .


atom:Blob a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:label      "Blob" ;
	rdfs:comment    """
Base class for all dynamically allocated blobs.  An <a
href="urn:struct:LV2_Blob" >LV2_Blob</a> ia an opaque pointer to host
data.  The type and data of a blob can be accessed via host-provided
functions in <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Blob_Support">LV2_Blob_Support</a>.
The type of a blob can be any URI that describes a data format.  Blobs are
always allocated by the host, and unlike atoms are not necessarily POD.

Blob data MUST NOT be used in any way by an implementation that does not
understand that blob type (unlike Atoms, meaningful type-oblivious use
of a Blob is impossible).
""" .


atom:AtomPort a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf lv2:Port ;
	rdfs:label      "Atom Port" ;
	rdfs:comment    """
A port which contains an <a href="#Atom">Atom</a>.  Ports of this type will
be connected to a 32-bit aligned <a href="urn:struct:LV2_Atom">LV2_Atom</a>
immediately followed by <code>size</code> bytes of data.

This is an abstract port type, i.e. a port MUST NOT only be an AtomPort,
but must be a more descriptive type that is a subclass of AtomPort which
defines the port's semantics (typically <a href="#ValuePort">ValuePort</a>
or <a href="#MessagePort">MessagePort</a>).

Before calling a method on the plugin that writes to an AtomPort output,
the host MUST set the size of the Atom in that output to the amount of
available memory immediately following the Atom header.  The plugin MUST
write a valid Atom to that port (leaving it untouched is illegal).  If there
is no reasonable value to write to the port, the plugin MUST write NULL
(the Atom with both <code>type = 0</code> and <code>size = 0</code>).
""" .


atom:ValuePort a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:AtomPort ;
	rdfs:label      "Value Port" ;
	rdfs:comment    """
An AtomPort that interprets its data as a persistent and time-independent
"value".
<ul>
<li>If a plugin has fixed input values for all ports, all ValuePort outputs
are also fixed regardless of the number of times the plugin is run.</li>
<li>If a plugin has fixed input values for all ports except a ValuePort,
each value V of that ValuePort corresponds to a single set of outputs
for all ports.</li>
<li>If a ValuePort contains a reference then the blob it refers to is
constant; plugin MUST NOT modify the blob in any way.</li>
</ul>
Value ports can be thought of as purely functional ports: if a plugin
callback has only value ports, then the plugin callback is a pure function.
""" .


atom:MessagePort a rdfs:Class ;
	rdfs:subClassOf atom:AtomPort ;
	rdfs:label      "Message Port" ;
	rdfs:comment    """
An AtomPort that "receives", "consumes", "executes", or "sends" its value.
The Atom contained in a MessagePort is considered transient and/or
time-dependent, and is only valid for a single run invocation.  Unlike a
ValuePort, a MessagePort may be used to manipulate internal plugin state.

Intuitively, a MessagePort contains a "message" or "command" or "event"
which is reacted to, NOT a "value" or "signal" (which is computed with).
""" .

atom:supports a rdf:Property ;
	rdfs:domain  lv2:Port ;
	rdfs:range   atom:Atom ;
	rdfs:label   "supports" ;
	rdfs:comment """
Indicates that a Port supports a certain <a href="#Atom">Atom</a> type.
This is distinct from the port type - e.g. the port type ValuePort can hold
atoms with many different types.  This property is used to describe which
Atom types a Port expects to receive or send.
""" .