/*
  LV2 Sampler Example Plugin
  Copyright 2011-2016 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
  Copyright 2011 Gabriel M. Beddingfield <gabriel@teuton.org>
  Copyright 2011 James Morris <jwm.art.net@gmail.com>

  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/

#include "atom_sink.h"
#include "peaks.h"
#include "uris.h"

#include "lv2/atom/atom.h"
#include "lv2/atom/forge.h"
#include "lv2/atom/util.h"
#include "lv2/core/lv2.h"
#include "lv2/core/lv2_util.h"
#include "lv2/log/log.h"
#include "lv2/log/logger.h"
#include "lv2/midi/midi.h"
#include "lv2/state/state.h"
#include "lv2/urid/urid.h"
#include "lv2/worker/worker.h"

#include <sndfile.h>

#include <math.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

enum {
	SAMPLER_CONTROL = 0,
	SAMPLER_NOTIFY  = 1,
	SAMPLER_OUT     = 2
};

typedef struct {
	SF_INFO  info;      // Info about sample from sndfile
	float*   data;      // Sample data in float
	char*    path;      // Path of file
	uint32_t path_len;  // Length of path
} Sample;

typedef struct {
	// Features
	LV2_URID_Map*        map;
	LV2_Worker_Schedule* schedule;
	LV2_Log_Logger       logger;

	// Ports
	const LV2_Atom_Sequence* control_port;
	LV2_Atom_Sequence*       notify_port;
	float*                   output_port;

	// Communication utilities
	LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame notify_frame;  ///< Cached for worker replies
	LV2_Atom_Forge       forge;         ///< Forge for writing atoms in run thread
	PeaksSender          psend;         ///< Audio peaks sender

	// URIs
	SamplerURIs uris;

	// Playback state
	Sample*    sample;
	uint32_t   frame_offset;
	float      gain;
	sf_count_t frame;
	bool       play;
	bool       activated;
	bool       sample_changed;
} Sampler;

/**
   An atom-like message used internally to apply/free samples.

   This is only used internally to communicate with the worker, it is never
   sent to the outside world via a port since it is not POD.  It is convenient
   to use an Atom header so actual atoms can be easily sent through the same
   ringbuffer.
*/
typedef struct {
	LV2_Atom atom;
	Sample*  sample;
} SampleMessage;

/**
   Load a new sample and return it.

   Since this is of course not a real-time safe action, this is called in the
   worker thread only.  The sample is loaded and returned only, plugin state is
   not modified.
*/
static Sample*
load_sample(LV2_Log_Logger* logger, const char* path)
{
	lv2_log_trace(logger, "Loading %s\n", path);

	const size_t   path_len = strlen(path);
	Sample* const  sample   = (Sample*)calloc(1, sizeof(Sample));
	SF_INFO* const info     = &sample->info;
	SNDFILE* const sndfile  = sf_open(path, SFM_READ, info);
	float*         data     = NULL;
	bool           error    = true;
	if (!sndfile || !info->frames) {
		lv2_log_error(logger, "Failed to open %s\n", path);
	} else if (info->channels != 1) {
		lv2_log_error(logger, "%s has %d channels\n", path, info->channels);
	} else if (!(data = (float*)malloc(sizeof(float) * info->frames))) {
		lv2_log_error(logger, "Failed to allocate memory for sample\n");
	} else {
		error = false;
	}

	if (error) {
		free(sample);
		free(data);
		sf_close(sndfile);
		return NULL;
	}

	sf_seek(sndfile, 0ul, SEEK_SET);
	sf_read_float(sndfile, data, info->frames);
	sf_close(sndfile);

	// Fill sample struct and return it
	sample->data     = data;
	sample->path     = (char*)malloc(path_len + 1);
	sample->path_len = (uint32_t)path_len;
	memcpy(sample->path, path, path_len + 1);

	return sample;
}

static void
free_sample(Sampler* self, Sample* sample)
{
	if (sample) {
		lv2_log_trace(&self->logger, "Freeing %s\n", sample->path);
		free(sample->path);
		free(sample->data);
		free(sample);
	}
}

/**
   Do work in a non-realtime thread.

   This is called for every piece of work scheduled in the audio thread using
   self->schedule->schedule_work().  A reply can be sent back to the audio
   thread using the provided `respond` function.
*/
static LV2_Worker_Status
work(LV2_Handle                  instance,
     LV2_Worker_Respond_Function respond,
     LV2_Worker_Respond_Handle   handle,
     uint32_t                    size,
     const void*                 data)
{
	Sampler*        self = (Sampler*)instance;
	const LV2_Atom* atom = (const LV2_Atom*)data;
	if (atom->type == self->uris.eg_freeSample) {
		// Free old sample
		const SampleMessage* msg = (const SampleMessage*)data;
		free_sample(self, msg->sample);
	} else if (atom->type == self->forge.Object) {
		// Handle set message (load sample).
		const LV2_Atom_Object* obj  = (const LV2_Atom_Object*)data;
		const char*            path = read_set_file(&self->uris, obj);
		if (!path) {
			lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Malformed set file request\n");
			return LV2_WORKER_ERR_UNKNOWN;
		}

		// Load sample.
		Sample* sample = load_sample(&self->logger, path);
		if (sample) {
			// Send new sample to run() to be applied
			respond(handle, sizeof(sample), &sample);
		}
	}

	return LV2_WORKER_SUCCESS;
}

/**
   Handle a response from work() in the audio thread.

   When running normally, this will be called by the host after run().  When
   freewheeling, this will be called immediately at the point the work was
   scheduled.
*/
static LV2_Worker_Status
work_response(LV2_Handle  instance,
              uint32_t    size,
              const void* data)
{
	Sampler* self       = (Sampler*)instance;
	Sample*  old_sample = self->sample;
	Sample*  new_sample = *(Sample*const*)data;

	// Install the new sample
	self->sample = *(Sample*const*)data;

	// Schedule work to free the old sample
	SampleMessage msg = { { sizeof(Sample*), self->uris.eg_freeSample },
	                      old_sample };
	self->schedule->schedule_work(self->schedule->handle, sizeof(msg), &msg);

	// Send a notification that we're using a new sample
	lv2_atom_forge_frame_time(&self->forge, self->frame_offset);
	write_set_file(&self->forge, &self->uris,
		       new_sample->path,
		       new_sample->path_len);

	return LV2_WORKER_SUCCESS;
}

static void
connect_port(LV2_Handle instance,
             uint32_t   port,
             void*      data)
{
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)instance;
	switch (port) {
	case SAMPLER_CONTROL:
		self->control_port = (const LV2_Atom_Sequence*)data;
		break;
	case SAMPLER_NOTIFY:
		self->notify_port = (LV2_Atom_Sequence*)data;
		break;
	case SAMPLER_OUT:
		self->output_port = (float*)data;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

static LV2_Handle
instantiate(const LV2_Descriptor*     descriptor,
            double                    rate,
            const char*               path,
            const LV2_Feature* const* features)
{
	// Allocate and initialise instance structure.
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)calloc(1, sizeof(Sampler));
	if (!self) {
		return NULL;
	}

	// Get host features
	const char* missing = lv2_features_query(
		features,
		LV2_LOG__log,         &self->logger.log, false,
		LV2_URID__map,        &self->map,        true,
		LV2_WORKER__schedule, &self->schedule,   true,
		NULL);
	lv2_log_logger_set_map(&self->logger, self->map);
	if (missing) {
		lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Missing feature <%s>\n", missing);
		free(self);
		return NULL;
	}

	// Map URIs and initialise forge
	map_sampler_uris(self->map, &self->uris);
	lv2_atom_forge_init(&self->forge, self->map);
	peaks_sender_init(&self->psend, self->map);

	self->gain = 1.0;

	return (LV2_Handle)self;
}

static void
cleanup(LV2_Handle instance)
{
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)instance;
	free_sample(self, self->sample);
	free(self);
}

static void
activate(LV2_Handle instance)
{
	((Sampler*)instance)->activated = true;
}

static void
deactivate(LV2_Handle instance)
{
	((Sampler*)instance)->activated = false;
}

/** Define a macro for converting a gain in dB to a coefficient. */
#define DB_CO(g) ((g) > -90.0f ? powf(10.0f, (g) * 0.05f) : 0.0f)

/**
   Handle an incoming event in the audio thread.

   This performs any actions triggered by an event, such as the start of sample
   playback, a sample change, or responding to requests from the UI.
*/
static void
handle_event(Sampler* self, LV2_Atom_Event* ev)
{
	SamplerURIs* uris       = &self->uris;
	PeaksURIs*   peaks_uris = &self->psend.uris;

	if (ev->body.type == uris->midi_Event) {
		const uint8_t* const msg = (const uint8_t*)LV2_ATOM_BODY_CONST(ev);
		switch (lv2_midi_message_type(msg)) {
		case LV2_MIDI_MSG_NOTE_ON:
			self->frame = 0;
			self->play  = true;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	} else if (lv2_atom_forge_is_object_type(&self->forge, ev->body.type)) {
		const LV2_Atom_Object* obj = (const LV2_Atom_Object*)&ev->body;
		if (obj->body.otype == uris->patch_Set) {
			// Get the property and value of the set message
			const LV2_Atom* property = NULL;
			const LV2_Atom* value    = NULL;
			lv2_atom_object_get(obj,
			                    uris->patch_property, &property,
			                    uris->patch_value,    &value,
			                    0);
			if (!property) {
				lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Set message with no property\n");
				return;
			} else if (property->type != uris->atom_URID) {
				lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Set property is not a URID\n");
				return;
			}

			const uint32_t key = ((const LV2_Atom_URID*)property)->body;
			if (key == uris->eg_sample) {
				// Sample change, send it to the worker.
				lv2_log_trace(&self->logger, "Scheduling sample change\n");
				self->schedule->schedule_work(self->schedule->handle,
				                              lv2_atom_total_size(&ev->body),
				                              &ev->body);
			} else if (key == uris->param_gain) {
				// Gain change
				if (value->type == uris->atom_Float) {
					self->gain = DB_CO(((LV2_Atom_Float*)value)->body);
				}
			}
		} else if (obj->body.otype == uris->patch_Get && self->sample) {
			const LV2_Atom_URID* accept  = NULL;
			const LV2_Atom_Int*  n_peaks = NULL;
			lv2_atom_object_get_typed(
				obj,
				uris->patch_accept,      &accept,  uris->atom_URID,
				peaks_uris->peaks_total, &n_peaks, peaks_uris->atom_Int, 0);
			if (accept && accept->body == peaks_uris->peaks_PeakUpdate) {
				// Received a request for peaks, prepare for transmission
				peaks_sender_start(&self->psend,
				                   self->sample->data,
				                   self->sample->info.frames,
				                   n_peaks->body);
			} else {
				// Received a get message, emit our state (probably to UI)
				lv2_atom_forge_frame_time(&self->forge, self->frame_offset);
				write_set_file(&self->forge, &self->uris,
				               self->sample->path,
				               self->sample->path_len);
			}
		} else {
			lv2_log_trace(&self->logger,
			              "Unknown object type %u\n", obj->body.otype);
		}
	} else {
		lv2_log_trace(&self->logger,
		              "Unknown event type %u\n", ev->body.type);
	}

}

/**
   Output audio for a slice of the current cycle.
*/
static void
render(Sampler* self, uint32_t start, uint32_t end)
{
	float* output = self->output_port;

	if (self->play && self->sample) {
		// Start/continue writing sample to output
		for (; start < end; ++start) {
			output[start] = self->sample->data[self->frame] * self->gain;
			if (++self->frame == self->sample->info.frames) {
				self->play = false;  // Reached end of sample
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	// Write silence to remaining buffer
	for (; start < end; ++start) {
		output[start] = 0.0f;
	}
}

static void
run(LV2_Handle instance, uint32_t sample_count)
{
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)instance;

	// Set up forge to write directly to notify output port.
	const uint32_t notify_capacity = self->notify_port->atom.size;
	lv2_atom_forge_set_buffer(&self->forge,
	                          (uint8_t*)self->notify_port,
	                          notify_capacity);

	// Start a sequence in the notify output port.
	lv2_atom_forge_sequence_head(&self->forge, &self->notify_frame, 0);

	// Send update to UI if sample has changed due to state restore
	if (self->sample_changed) {
		lv2_atom_forge_frame_time(&self->forge, 0);
		write_set_file(&self->forge, &self->uris,
		               self->sample->path,
		               self->sample->path_len);
		self->sample_changed = false;
	}

	// Iterate over incoming events, emitting audio along the way
	self->frame_offset = 0;
	LV2_ATOM_SEQUENCE_FOREACH(self->control_port, ev) {
		// Render output up to the time of this event
		render(self, self->frame_offset, ev->time.frames);

		/* Update current frame offset to this event's time.  This is stored in
		   the instance because it is used for sychronous worker event
		   execution.  This allows a sample load event to be executed with
		   sample accuracy when running in a non-realtime context (such as
		   exporting a session). */
		self->frame_offset = ev->time.frames;

		// Process this event
		handle_event(self, ev);
	}

	// Use available space after any emitted events to send peaks
	peaks_sender_send(&self->psend, &self->forge, sample_count, self->frame_offset);

	// Render output for the rest of the cycle past the last event
	render(self, self->frame_offset, sample_count);
}

static LV2_State_Status
save(LV2_Handle                instance,
     LV2_State_Store_Function  store,
     LV2_State_Handle          handle,
     uint32_t                  flags,
     const LV2_Feature* const* features)
{
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)instance;
	if (!self->sample) {
		return LV2_STATE_SUCCESS;
	}

	LV2_State_Map_Path* map_path = (LV2_State_Map_Path*)lv2_features_data(
		features, LV2_STATE__mapPath);
	if (!map_path) {
		return LV2_STATE_ERR_NO_FEATURE;
	}

	// Map absolute sample path to an abstract state path
	char* apath = map_path->abstract_path(map_path->handle, self->sample->path);

	// Store eg:sample = abstract path
	store(handle,
	      self->uris.eg_sample,
	      apath,
	      strlen(apath) + 1,
	      self->uris.atom_Path,
	      LV2_STATE_IS_POD | LV2_STATE_IS_PORTABLE);

	free(apath);
	return LV2_STATE_SUCCESS;
}

static LV2_State_Status
restore(LV2_Handle                  instance,
        LV2_State_Retrieve_Function retrieve,
        LV2_State_Handle            handle,
        uint32_t                    flags,
        const LV2_Feature* const*   features)
{
	Sampler* self = (Sampler*)instance;

	// Get host features
	LV2_Worker_Schedule* schedule = NULL;
	LV2_State_Map_Path*  paths    = NULL;
	const char*          missing  = lv2_features_query(
		features,
		LV2_STATE__mapPath,   &paths,    true,
		LV2_WORKER__schedule, &schedule, false,
		NULL);
	if (missing) {
		lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Missing feature <%s>\n", missing);
		return LV2_STATE_ERR_NO_FEATURE;
	}

	// Get eg:sample from state
	size_t      size;
	uint32_t    type;
	uint32_t    valflags;
	const void* value = retrieve(handle, self->uris.eg_sample,
	                             &size, &type, &valflags);
	if (!value) {
		lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Missing eg:sample\n");
		return LV2_STATE_ERR_NO_PROPERTY;
	} else if (type != self->uris.atom_Path) {
		lv2_log_error(&self->logger, "Non-path eg:sample\n");
		return LV2_STATE_ERR_BAD_TYPE;
	}

	// Map abstract state path to absolute path
	const char* apath = (const char*)value;
	char*       path  = paths->absolute_path(paths->handle, apath);

	// Replace current sample with the new one
	if (!self->activated || !schedule) {
		// No scheduling available, load sample immediately
		lv2_log_trace(&self->logger, "Synchronous restore\n");
		Sample* sample = load_sample(&self->logger, path);
		if (sample) {
			free_sample(self, self->sample);
			self->sample         = sample;
			self->sample_changed = true;
		}
	} else {
		// Schedule sample to be loaded by the provided worker
		lv2_log_trace(&self->logger, "Scheduling restore\n");
		LV2_Atom_Forge forge;
		LV2_Atom*      buf = (LV2_Atom*)calloc(1, strlen(path) + 128);
		lv2_atom_forge_init(&forge, self->map);
		lv2_atom_forge_set_sink(&forge, atom_sink, atom_sink_deref, buf);
		write_set_file(&forge, &self->uris, path, strlen(path));

		const uint32_t msg_size = lv2_atom_pad_size(buf->size);
		schedule->schedule_work(self->schedule->handle, msg_size, buf + 1);
		free(buf);
	}

	free(path);

	return LV2_STATE_SUCCESS;
}

static const void*
extension_data(const char* uri)
{
	static const LV2_State_Interface  state  = { save, restore };
	static const LV2_Worker_Interface worker = { work, work_response, NULL };
	if (!strcmp(uri, LV2_STATE__interface)) {
		return &state;
	} else if (!strcmp(uri, LV2_WORKER__interface)) {
		return &worker;
	}
	return NULL;
}

static const LV2_Descriptor descriptor = {
	EG_SAMPLER_URI,
	instantiate,
	connect_port,
	activate,
	run,
	deactivate,
	cleanup,
	extension_data
};

LV2_SYMBOL_EXPORT
const LV2_Descriptor* lv2_descriptor(uint32_t index)
{
	switch (index) {
	case 0:
		return &descriptor;
	default:
		return NULL;
	}
}